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Basic Concepts: Interrogative Japanese has many interrogative words that seem highly contextual. Chart attempt to view them in the entirety to highlight potential points of confusion or clarity. |
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Chart: List |
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Eigo |
Unknown |
Nihongo |
ka |
demo |
mo |
mo....nai |
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how many |
number of things (general) |
ikutsu |
O |
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how many |
number of things (specific) |
NanNin, nanko, nanpon, nanmai, |
O |
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O |
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how "much" (cost) |
cost, prices |
ikura |
O |
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how "long" (time) |
number of time units |
NanJikan, NanNichi. NanKagetsu, NanNen |
O |
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how "long" (time); how far (distance); how much (of it) |
amount of time, amount distance, amount of something extent of something |
general "dono kurai" specific nouns: DonoGuraiHon specific adj: DonoGuraiTakai see notes: |
X |
X |
X |
X |
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how many times |
number of occurrences |
nan kai, nan do |
O |
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O |
O |
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when |
point in time |
itsu |
O |
O |
O |
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who |
person, identity |
dale |
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where |
place |
doko |
O |
O |
O |
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how far (the destination) |
destination |
dokomade |
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what |
thing |
nani |
O |
O |
O |
O |
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what kind |
type of thing |
donna ____ dono you na ____ |
O |
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which |
choice of (specific type) of thing. |
dono___ |
O |
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which |
choice of things |
dore |
O |
O |
O |
O |
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which |
choice of things |
dochira |
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what/which way |
direction |
dochira |
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| how |
condition or desire (Y,N) |
dou desuka ikaga desuka |
X | X | X | X | |
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why |
reason (unique) |
naze |
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| why or how | reason or method | nanda | O | ||||
| Nantonaku 何と無く >>>>>> | O | X | X | X | |||
| why or how | reason or method | dou | O | O | |||
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why or how |
reason or method |
nan de, doshite, douyatte, douiuwake |
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how |
method |
dono you ni, donna fuu ni |
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Notes
DonoGurai (distance, time, stuff, extent) general: dono gurai specific nouns: dono kurai __; donoguraijikan; donoguraikilo, donoguraiho specific adjective: donogurai __; donogurai takai, donogurai toi; donogurai hiroi;
NORMAL KA's daleka (some person), nanika (somthing), itsuka (sometime), dokoka (somewhere), REASON/HOW KA's nazeka (some reason), nandaka (some "how" / some reason), douiuwakeka (some how / reason), Nantonaku 何と無く(some unknown reason, douka (somehow or other)
Number of times: kai/do: ichidomo....nai (never)
Methods: shite: doshitemo (ever method
Cost: ikura: ikuraka (some of the cost) |
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