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Basic Concepts:
Passive Form
List of popular verb form.
Note:
Most common usage is past tense with unstated agent. Note, some of
these passive forms are seen more often than the non passive form.
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REAL PASSIVE
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sare-mashita /// was done
-
u-mare-mashita ///
was born
-
ka-kare-mashita /// was
written.
-
koro-sare-mashita
/// was killed
-
tate-rare-mashita
/// was built
-
NOT COMMON tsukama-rare-mashta ///
was arrested
-
tsukamaru // intransitive - to
be arrsted
-
era-bare-mashita
/// was chosen.
-
tsurete-ikare-mashita /// (s.b) was taken. //
verb: tsureteiku: to bring s.b.
-
ke-rare-mashita /// was kicked // verb:
keru
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NOT Passive (but looks passive)
- awaseru /// to match
- shiraseru /// inform
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Chart: List  |
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Nihongo:
Non Passive |
Nihongo:
Passive |
Nihongo:
Intransitive |
Nihongo:
Rei Bun: Passive
Construction |
Eigo |
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suru |
sareru |
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kino sareta //
ashita sareru |
yesterday, it was
done.
tomorrow - it will be
done. |
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haitatsu
suru |
haitat sareta |
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kinou haitatsu
sareta |
it was delivered
yesterday |
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umu |
u-mareru |
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Kobe de umaremashita
(umareta) |
I was born in Kobe |
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sodateru |
sodatsu (ireg.) |
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chisa na machi de sodachimashita. (sodatta) |
I was raised in a small town. |
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nusumu |
nusumareru |
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saifu wa nusu-mareta
saifu wo
nusu-mareta.
"wo" indicated
someone is receiving a "verbing" |
The wallet was
stolen.
I had my wallet
stolen. |
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tateru |
tate-rareru
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tatsu |
kono BIRU wa edo jidai ni tate-raremashita (taterareta) |
The building was built in the edo jidai |
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erabu |
era-bareru |
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shichou ni era-baremashita (erabareta) |
I was elected mayor |
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tsukuru |
tsuku-rareru |
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kami wa ki kara tsuku-raremashita (tsukurareta) |
Paper is made from trees. |
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naguru |
nagu-rareru |
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keisatsu ni atama wo
nagu-raremashita (nagurareta)
"wo" indicated someone is receiving a "verbing" |
I was hit on the head
by the policeman |
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fumu |
fu-mareru |
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densha no naki de
daleka ni ashi wo fu-mareta. |
I had my foot step on
in the train |
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korosu |
koro-sareru |
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koro-saremashita (korosareta) |
he was killed. |
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tsukamu |
tsuka-mareru
(not common) |
tsukamaru |
keisatsu ni tsukamarimashita |
arrested by the police |
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makasu |
maka-sareru |
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taisetsu na shigoto
wo makaseta "wo"
indicated someone is receiving a "verbing" |
I was given an
important task. |
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yaru |
ya-rare-mashita |
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atsusa ni
ya-rare-mashita |
I was effected by the
heat |
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tsukeru |
tsuke-rare-mashita |
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kino sore wo
tsuke-rare-mashita |
it was turned on last
night. |
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